Figure of Speech

Definition:

What is Figure of Speech?

 Poetry always gives pleasure to our mind. How to make poetry and what need to make poetry. Poetry has a metre, a rhythm, a language, and figure of speech. 

figure of speech, giving statement, pleasure, it make poetry more effective and emphatic. 

" A figure of speech is a takeoff from the standard type of articulation, of the conventional course of thoughts, to deliver a more noteworthy impact". 

a figure of speech is a deviation from the standard utilization of words with the end goal of expanding their impact. Subsequently words are not utilized in their standard sense, but in a figurative or non-literal sense and they affect the readers more significantly than if they had been utilized in their exacting sense. A figure of speech enhanced the language of poetry and provides for it power and clearness.

There are some of the Figure of Speech mostly used by the poets.

Here 17 types of Figure of Speech are listed :-

(1) Simile  :

(2) Metaphor :

(3) Personification :

(4) Apostrophe :

(5) Antithesis :

(6) Epigram:

(7) Metonymy:

(8) Synechdoche:

(9) Climax:

(10) Anti-climax:

(11) Hyperbole:

(12) Pun:

(13) Litotes:

(14) Transferred Epithet:

(15) Alliteration:

(16) Onomatopoeia :

 (17) Oxymoron:

(1) Simile  :

In an analogy there is an examination between two divergent articles in regard of some basic quality. An examination of two objects of a similar kind isn't a likeness. Analogy happens just when "a correlation is made between two objects of various types which share anyway at any rate one point practically speaking." Thus, when a specific activity, state or nature of the thing to be depicted , is said to take after any activity, state or nature of something different, the hyperbole is supposed to be a comparison. The likeness is generally presented by such words as – like, as, or somewhere in the vicinity. Instances of likeness are: (I) Life is as dreary as a twice-told story. Here 'life' has been contrasted with a 'twice-told story' and both are depicted as 'dreary'. (ii) O my Love's resembles a red, red rose. (iii) Thy soul resembled a star. - (iv) Thou hadst a voice whose sound resembled the ocean. That is pleasantly played in order.

(2) Metaphor :

In Metaphor additionally there is a correlation between two articles in regard of some basic quality, state or activity, however the examination is inferred and not communicated as in the analogy. "It doesn't, prefer the Simile, express that one thing resembles another or goes about as another, however underestimates that and continues as though the two things were one." For instance, in a Simile we state "He battled like a lion." however in a Metaphor we would state - "He was a lion in the battle." Different instances of Metaphor are: (I) Life is a fantasy. (ii) The camel is the boat of the desert. (iii) Revenge is a sort of wild equity. (iv) The news was a blade to his heart. We should take note of that each Simile can be packed into a Metaphor and each Metaphor can be ventured into a Simile.

(3) Personification :

In this figure of speech dead items and unique thoughts are talked about as having life and insight. All in all when human activities and human knowledge are attributed to lifeless things, the interesting expression is called exemplification. For instance, 'The Smiling Moon'. 'Grinning is human activity however here it has been attributed to the moon, a lifeless thing. Different models: (I) Laughter holding both her sides. (ii) Death lays his cold hands on lords. (iii) Pride goeth forward riding a horse. In these models, Laughter, Death and Pride have been embodied.

(4) Apostrophe :

An Apostrophe is a metaphor where in the dead, the missing or dormant articles or dynamic characteristics are tended to straightforwardly. Models: (I) O demise! where is thy sting? (ii) O companion! I know not what direction I should search for comfort. (iii) O freedom! what wrongdoings have been submitted in thy name! (iv) Milton! thou should'st be inhabiting this hour.

(5) Antithesis :

In this, a striking resistance or difference of words or conclusions is made in a similar sentence. Models: (I) Man proposes, God arranges. (ii) Many are called, yet few are picked. (iii) Give each man thy ear, yet few thy voice. (iv) To blunder is human, to pardon divine.

(6) Epigram:

"A motto is a concise pointed saying much of the time presenting contradictory thoughts which energize shock and capture consideration." Models: (I) The kid is the dad of the man. (ii) Fools surge in where holy messengers dread to step. (iii) He makes no companion, who never made an enemy. (iv) The appropriate investigation of humanity is man. (v) amidst life we are in death.

(7) Metonymy:

Metonymy in a real sense signifies 'change of name' or 'move of name'. Hence, in Metonymy, an article is depicted or assigned by the name of something which is by and large connected with it. For instance - 'He got the crown'. Here 'crown' is utilized for the government of which it is a sign. Since relationship between objects are of numerous sorts, so there are numerous assortments of Metonymy. Allow us to test a couple of them: (I) The sign might be utilized for the thing or individual implied; as (a) You should address the seat (i.e., the executive). (b) From the support to the grave (i.e., the outset to death). (ii) The reason for the impact; as (a) Yet oft a moan wins and distresses fall To see the crowd of human happiness so little. (iii) The instrument might be utilized for the specialist; as (a) The pen is mightier than the sword. (iv) The holder might be utilized for the thing contained; as (a) Forthwith, he drank the lethal cup. Here the 'cup' is utilized for the 'poison' contained in the cup. (b) The pot bubbles. It isn't the pot however the fluid in the pot that bubbles. (c) The entire city went out to see the successful general. Here 'city' represents the occupants living in the city.

(8) Synechdoche:

In this metaphor, a section is utilized for the entire, or the entire is utilized to assign a section, or the solid is utilized for the theoretical, or the material for the thing which is made of it, or the species is utilized for the variety or the other way around, or an individual name for an entire class is utilized. For instance: (I) Give us our every day bread. (ii) All hands to the siphons! (iii) Uneasy untruths the head that wears a crown. (iv) An armada of fifty sail left the harbor.

(9) Climax:

The word 'Peak' is gotten from the Greek word 'Klimax' which implies a stepping stool to arrive at statures. Along these lines, the hyperbole, peak is the course of action of a progression of thoughts in the request for expanding significance. For instance: (a) Simple, erect, serious, severe, superb. (b) What a bit of work is man! How honorable in explanation, how endless in resources! In real life, how like a heavenly attendant! In anxiety, how like a divine being!

(10) Anti-climax:

Something contrary to Climax is Anticlimax. In it there is an unexpected tumble from higher to lower. It is primarily utilized with the end goal of parody or criticism. For instance. (a) Here thou, incredible Anna! whom three domains comply, Dost in some cases counsel take - and now and again tea. Here is abrupt fall – from counsel taking to tea taking. (b) And thou, Dalhousie, the incredible divine force of war, Lieutenant – Colonel to the Earl of Mar. What an incredible fall! From 'lord of battle' to 'Lieutenant Colonel'.

(11) Hyperbole:

"In Hyperbole, an assertion is made decided by exaggeration." It comprises in the portrayal of items, people or activities as a lot more noteworthy than they truly are. For instance: "Slam came like lightning and disappeared like the breeze." Here the speed with which Ram went back and forth away has been highly overstated. Different models: (I) All the fragrances of Arabia won't improve this little hand. (ii) O Hamlet! thou hast parted my heart in twain. (iii) Why, man, if the waterway were dry, I am ready to fill it with tears. (iv) I adored Ophelia; 40,000 siblings couldn't with all their amount of adoration. Make up the aggregate.

(12) Pun:

This metaphor comprises in a play on the different implications of a word so as to cause humor, appreciation or shock. For instance. "Is daily routine worth experiencing? - It relies on the liver. Here there is joke on the word 'liver' which signifies 'an individual who lives' just as 'a piece of the body'. Different models: (I) The lord is no subject.

(ii) An envoy is a man who lies abroad to benefit his nation.

(iii) Yes, the panther changes its spots, at whatever point it moves between different spots!

(iv) A book resembles a master since it has a title.

(13) Litotes:

A Litotes is an inverse to Hyperbole. In it a confirmed is passed on by nullification of the inverse, the impact being to recommend a solid articulation by methods for a more fragile.

For instance:

(I) I am a resident of no mean (i.e.) exceptionally praised) city.

(ii) The man is no numb-skull (i.e., extremely cunning).

(iii) I am not a little(i.e., extraordinarily) astonished. 

(14) Transferred Epithet:

In this interesting expression, an appellation or qualifying descriptor is once in a while moved from an individual to a thing or starting with single word then onto the next, to which it doesn't have a place.

For instance,

at the point when we state: 'We went through an upbeat day', we don't imply that the day was cheerful, yet we are glad. We utilized a descriptor for 'day' which truly alluded to 'we'. This is known as a moved designation.

Different models:

(I) It is a dismal world.

(ii) We made some charming memories at the waterway.

(iii) He got a human world.

(iv) The reliable priest was put in the denounced cell.

(15) Alliteration:

It is a metaphor wherein a similar letter is rehashed toward the start of at least two words in a line.

For instance: 'How high his Excellency holds his haughty head."

In this line, the letter 'H' has been rehashed in the start of eight words. Different models: (I) That conceals the lofty and murmurs at each impact.

(ii) A heap of picking up blundering in his mind.

(iii) Tall the vessel shook with a shuddering stun.

(iv) A turbulent man battling with the tempests of destiny.

(16) Onomatopoeia :

It is a metaphor wherein the sound for some word or words takes after the sound of the thing meant. For instance: (I) The murmurous frequent of flies on late spring days.

(ii) It broke and snarled, and thundered and wailed like clamors in a sound.

(iii) Rend with colossal sound your ears as under, with firearm, drum, trumpet, goof buss and thunder.

 (17) Oxymoron:

At the point when two opposing characteristics are utilized together, the figure is called interesting expression. For instance: (I) Thus inertly bustling rolls their reality away.

(ii) His honor established in disrespect stood.

(iii) And confidence faithless kept him erroneously obvious.

(iv) Life is ambivalent.